Which of the following electronic configurati | vedclass

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(C) Electron affinity is the energy released when an electron is added to a neutral gaseous atom. Elements with stable electronic configurations,such

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$ns^2 np^3$

Vedclass · Answer

(C) Electron affinity is the energy released when an electron is added to a neutral gaseous atom. Elements with stable electronic configurations,such as half-filled or fully-filled orbitals,have very low or negative electron affinity because they are already stable and do not readily accept an additional electron. Comparing the given configurations: $ns^2 np^5$ (Halogen) has a high electron affinity as it needs only one electron to complete its octet. $ns^2 np^2$ and $ns^2 np^4$ have intermediate electron affinities. $ns^2 np^3$ represents a half-filled $p$-orbital $(p^3)$,which is exceptionally stable due to exchange energy and symmetry. Therefore,the configuration $ns^2 np^3$ has the lowest electron affinity.

Which of the following electronic configurations will have the lowest electron affinity?

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