The reaction of benzene with a mixture of con | vedclass

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(A) $1$. Benzene reacts with a mixture of concentrated $HNO_3$ and $H_2SO_4$ (nitrating mixture) to undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution,formin

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$3-$chloro$-1-$nitrobenzene

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(A) $1$. Benzene reacts with a mixture of concentrated $HNO_3$ and $H_2SO_4$ (nitrating mixture) to undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution,forming nitrobenzene. $2$. The nitro group $(-NO_2)$ is a deactivating and meta-directing group. $3$. When nitrobenzene is treated with $Cl_2 / FeCl_3$ (chlorination),the incoming chlorine atom is directed to the meta-position by the $-NO_2$ group. $4$. Therefore,the major product formed is $3-$chloro$-1-$nitrobenzene (or $m-$chloronitrobenzene).

The reaction of benzene with a mixture of concentrated $HNO_3$ and concentrated $H_2SO_4$,followed by treatment with $Cl_2 / FeCl_3$,gives:

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