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(A) When a group $14$ element (like $Si$ or $Ge$) is doped with a group $13$ element (like $B$,$Al$,or $Ga$),the group $13$ element has only $3$ valen

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Group $13$

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(A) When a group $14$ element (like $Si$ or $Ge$) is doped with a group $13$ element (like $B$,$Al$,or $Ga$),the group $13$ element has only $3$ valence electrons. This creates a vacancy or an 'electron hole' in the crystal lattice because one bond remains incomplete. Therefore,electron-deficient impurities are caused by group $13$ elements.

Electron-deficient impurities are caused by the elements of which group?

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