Which of the following conditions can help in avoiding fertilization?

In male sterilization,$A$ is cut and tied. This process is called $B$. Fill in the correct option for $A$ and $B$.

Implants under the skin and injectables contain:

Which of the following contraceptives could be effective in avoiding pregnancy if used within $72$ hours after casual unprotected intercourse?

Choose the correct option which can be used by females as injections or implants under the skin for contraception from the following:
$(i)$ Progestogens
(ii) Progestogen + estrogen combinations
(iii) Estrogen
(iv) Progestasert

Oral contraceptives inhibit $A$ and implantation as well as the quality of cervical $B$ to prevent the entry of sperms. Choose the correct option for $A$ and $B$ to complete the given statement.