What is the composition of the capsule in $S$-strain bacteria?

Which scientist experimentally proved that $DNA$ is the sole genetic material in bacteriophage?

Heavy $\text{DNA}$ can be differentiated from normal $\text{DNA}$ by which centrifugation technique?

Which enzymes were used by Avery,MacLeod,and McCarty in their experiment to determine the transforming principle?

Before the work of Avery,MacLeod,and McCarty,what was considered to be the genetic material?

If the transforming principle is transferred to the $R$-strain,what characteristics will the $R$-strain acquire?
$(i)$ Formation of a smooth polysaccharide coat
$(ii)$ Becomes non-virulent
$(iii)$ Becomes virulent
$(iv)$ Does not form a smooth polysaccharide coat