Which genes are inactivated in cancer cells?

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(B) Cancer is caused by the uncontrolled division of cells. This process is regulated by two main types of genes: proto-oncogenes (which promote cell

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

Tumor suppressor genes

Vedclass · Answer

(B) Cancer is caused by the uncontrolled division of cells. This process is regulated by two main types of genes: proto-oncogenes (which promote cell growth) and tumor suppressor genes (which inhibit cell division).In cancer cells,proto-oncogenes often mutate into oncogenes,leading to excessive cell growth.Simultaneously,tumor suppressor genes (such as $p53$ or $Rb$) are inactivated or deleted,which removes the 'brakes' on the cell cycle,allowing the cells to divide uncontrollably.Therefore,the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes is a critical step in the development of cancer.

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