In the equation $\log\, S = \log\, C + Z\, \log\, A$,what does $S$ represent?

$f(x) = (20 - x^4)^{1/4}$ for $0 < x < \sqrt{5}$,then $f(f(1/2))$ is equal to

If $A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 1 & -2 \\ 2 & 1 & -3 \\ 5 & 4 & -9 \end{bmatrix}$,find $|A|$.

If $f:[2,3] \rightarrow R$ is defined by $f(x)=x^3+3x-2$, then the range of $f(x)$ is contained in the interval

$A$ proton, a deuteron, and an $\alpha$-particle having the same momentum enter a region of uniform electric field between the parallel plates of a capacitor. The electric field is perpendicular to the initial path of the particles. The ratio of deflections suffered by them is

The conjugate acid of $NH_2^-$ is