$A$: There is an indirect relationship between the rate of respiration and water absorption.
$R$: Increased metabolism increases mineral uptake.

$A$: Endodermis onwards,the movement of water occurs through the living part of the cell. $R$: The inner boundary of the cortex possesses an impermeable band of lignified matrix.

Match the properties of water with their significance:

$(1)$ High viscosity	$(a)$ Temperature of the environment does not affect water
$(2)$ Cohesion	$(b)$ Acts as an efficient solvent
$(3)$ High specific heat	$(c)$ Absorption of mechanical shocks
$(4)$ Polarity	$(d)$ Necessary for the ascent of sap in plants

Choose true and false statements from the following:
$I.$ Mycorrhizal association between fungus and root of plant $(Pinus)$ is often obligate.
$II.$ $Pinus$ and orchid seeds can germinate and grow into plant in absence of mycorrhizal association.
$III.$ Absorption of water along with mineral solute by root hairs is purely a process of diffusion.
$IV.$ In apoplast pathway,movement of water takes place through cell wall and intercellular spaces.
$V.$ Fungal hyphae provide sugar and organic internal to root.
Choose the correct option.

Which of the following statements are true or false?
$I.$ The positive hydrostatic pressure is called turgor pressure.
$II.$ Wall pressure is exerted to prevent the increase of protoplasm size.
$III.$ Diffusion is more rapid in liquids than in gases.
$IV.$ Diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane is called imbibition.
$V.$ Osmosis is the movement of a substance,which takes place along a diffusion gradient.

Examples of bulk flow by a positive hydrostatic pressure gradient and a negative hydrostatic pressure gradient are