$A$ monopoly granted to a person who has either invented a new and useful article,made improvement in an existing article,or invented a new process of making an article is called:

Why has the Indian Parliament cleared the second amendment of the country's patents bill?

Which step has the Government of India taken to cater to the requirements of patent terms and other emergency provisions in this regard?

$A$ : Indian Government has set up organizations such as $GEAC$ (Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee),which make decisions regarding the validity of $GM$ research and the safety of introducing $GM$ organisms for public services.
$R$ : Genetic modification of organisms can have unpredictable results when such organisms are introduced into the ecosystem.

Give scientific reasons: We must protect our traditional knowledge of our country by understanding its importance.

Define/Explain: Patent.