$I.$ Some species of insects and frogs are cryptically coloured (camouflaged).
$II.$ Some animals are poisonous.
$III.$ Monarch butterflies are distasteful.
The above adaptations are against:

Competition is best defined as a process in which the fitness of one species (measured in terms of its '$r$',the intrinsic rate of increase) is significantly:

Which one of the following is most appropriately defined?

Organisms are dependent on each other because

Identify the correct adaptations of parasites from the following list:
$a.$ Loss of unnecessary sense organs
$b.$ Presence of adhesive organs
$c.$ Presence of suckers
$d.$ High reproductive capacity
$e.$ Well-developed digestive system
Choose the correct option with respect to parasites.

Study the following four statements $(1-4)$ and select the two which are correct:
$(1)$ Lion eating deer and sparrow feeding on grain are ecologically similar in being consumers.
$(2)$ The predator starfish $Pisaster$ helps in maintaining species diversity of some invertebrates.
$(3)$ Predators often lead to the extinction of prey species.
$(4)$ Production of chemicals such as nicotine and strychnine by plants is a metabolic disorder.
Which two statements are correct?