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(C) The human kidneys have the ability to produce concentrated urine to conserve water.This is achieved through the counter-current mechanism involvin

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(C) The human kidneys have the ability to produce concentrated urine to conserve water.This is achieved through the counter-current mechanism involving the Loop of Henle and the vasa recta.The initial filtrate formed in the glomerulus is isotonic to blood plasma (approximately $300 \ mOsm/L$).The human kidneys can produce urine that is up to $4$ times more concentrated than the initial filtrate,reaching a concentration of approximately $1200 \ mOsm/L$.

The human kidneys produce urine that is approximately .......... times more concentrated than the initial filtrate.

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