Which of the following hormones never enters | vedclass

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(A) Hormones are classified based on their chemical nature and their mechanism of action. Peptide,polypeptide,and protein hormones (e.g.,Insulin,Gluca

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Insulin

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(A) Hormones are classified based on their chemical nature and their mechanism of action. Peptide,polypeptide,and protein hormones (e.g.,Insulin,Glucagon,Pituitary hormones) are water-soluble and cannot cross the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. Therefore,they bind to specific receptors located on the surface of the target cell membrane and generate secondary messengers (like $cAMP$,$IP_3$,$Ca^{2+}$) to regulate cellular metabolism. In contrast,steroid hormones (e.g.,Estrogen,Cortisol) and thyroid hormones (e.g.,$T_3$,$T_4$) are lipid-soluble and can easily cross the plasma membrane to bind with intracellular receptors located in the cytoplasm or nucleus. Since Insulin is a peptide hormone,it does not enter the cytoplasm.

Which of the following hormones never enters the cytoplasm of the target cell?

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