$FOAM$ stands for $........$

Which of the following human activities is responsible for desertification?

Match the following columns:

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(p)$ Catalytic converter	$(i)$ Foam
$(q)$ Marsh land	$(ii)$ Powder of plastic
$(r)$ Polyblend	$(iii)$ Air pollution
$(s)$ Elnino effect	$(iv)$ Deforestation
$(t)$ Chipko movement	$(v)$ Green House effect

Consider the following reasons for the massive fish mortality observed in a lake near a village within a few days:
$(1)$ Excessive use of urea and phosphate fertilizers in nearby crops.
$(2)$ Spraying of $DDT$ using aircraft.
$(3)$ The lake water turned green and foul-smelling.
$(4)$ Initial decrease in phytoplankton in the lake leads to a maximum decrease in photosynthesis.
Which of the above reasons are responsible for the massive fish mortality?

Match the items given in column $A$ and $B$:

Column $A$	Column $B$
$(a)$ Catalytic converter	$(i)$ Particulate matter
$(b)$ Electrostatic precipitator	$(ii)$ Carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides
$(c)$ Earmuffs	$(iii)$ High noise level
$(d)$ Landfills	$(iv)$ Solid wastes

What human activities are responsible for the increase in the amount of $CO_2$ in the atmosphere?