$A$ $10 \ m$ long wire of resistance $20 \ \Omega$ is connected in series with a battery of e.m.f. $3 \ V$ and a resistance of $10 \ \Omega$. The potential gradient along the wire in $V/m$ is

In an experiment of a potentiometer for measuring the internal resistance of a primary cell,a balancing length $\ell$ is obtained on the potentiometer wire when the cell is in an open circuit. Now,the cell is short-circuited by a resistance $R$. If $R$ is equal to the internal resistance of the cell,the balancing length on the potentiometer wire will be:

While doing an experiment with a potentiometer as shown in the figure,it was found that the deflection is one-sided and $(i)$ the deflection decreased while moving the jockey from one end $A$ of the wire to the end $B$; $(ii)$ the deflection increased while the jockey was moved towards the end $B$.
$(i)$ Which terminal ($+$ or $-ve$) of the cell $E_1$ is connected at $X$ in case $(i)$ and how is $E_1$ related to $E$?
$(ii)$ Which terminal of the cell $E_1$ is connected at $X$ in case $(ii)$?

$A$ potentiometer is an accurate and versatile device to make electrical measurements of $EMF$ because the method involves:

In a potentiometer,a wire of length $10 \ m$ having resistance $50 \ \Omega$ is used. $A$ battery of $5 \ V$ and a resistor of $450 \ \Omega$ are connected in series to the wire. If an unknown battery of emf $E$ balances the potentiometer at $450 \ cm$,then the value of $E$ is (in $V$)

$A$ potentiometer wire $PQ$ of $1\,m$ length is connected to a standard cell $E_{1}$. Another cell $E_{2}$ of emf $1.02\,V$ is connected with a resistance $r$ and switch $S$ (as shown in figure). With switch $S$ open,the null position is obtained at a distance of $49\,cm$ from $Q$. The potential gradient in the potentiometer wire is.......$V/cm$.