$A$ plane polarized light is incident normally on a tourmaline plate. Its $\vec{E}$ vectors make an angle of $60^{\circ}$ with the optic axis of the plate. Find the percentage difference between initial and final intensities. (in $\%$)

An unpolarized light beam of intensity $I_0$ is passed through a first polaroid $A$ and then through a second polaroid $B$. If the principal plane of polaroid $B$ makes an angle of $45^{\circ}$ with that of $A$,find the intensity of the emerging light.

Three polarising sheets are placed co-axially. The pass axes of polaroids $2$ and $3$ make angles of $30^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$ respectively with the pass axis of polaroid $1$. If $I_0$ is the intensity of unpolarised light entering sheet $1$,what is the intensity of the light emerging from sheet $3$? $(\cos 30^{\circ}=\sqrt{3} / 2, \cos 90^{\circ}=0, \cos 60^{\circ}=1 / 2)$

Choose the $CORRECT$ option for electric field components of unpolarized light passing through a polarizing sheet.

Show that when unpolarized light passes through a polarizer,the intensity of the emerging light is half that of the intensity of the incident light.

What is a polarizer and an analyser?