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(C) Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number $(Z)$ but different mass numbers $(A)$.Let the original nucleus be ${ }_{Z

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One $\alpha$ and two $\beta$ particles

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(C) Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number $(Z)$ but different mass numbers $(A)$.Let the original nucleus be ${ }_{Z}^{A} X$.After the emission of one $\alpha$ particle $({ }_{2}^{4} He)$,the atomic number decreases by $2$ and the mass number decreases by $4$:${ }_{Z}^{A} X \rightarrow { }_{Z-2}^{A-4} Y + { }_{2}^{4} He$.To return to the original atomic number $Z$,we need to increase the atomic number by $2$. This is achieved by the emission of two $\beta^-$ particles $({ }_{-1}^{0} e)$:${ }_{Z-2}^{A-4} Y + 2({ }_{-1}^{0} e) \rightarrow { }_{Z}^{A-4} Y$.Thus,the emission of one $\alpha$ particle and two $\beta$ particles results in an isotope of the original nucleus with a mass number reduced by $4$.

$A$ radioactive decay forms an isotope of the original nucleus with the emission of which of the following particles?

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