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(D) photodiode is a special type of $p-n$ junction diode that is designed to operate under reverse bias conditions.When light (photons) with energy gr

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which is always operated in reverse bias.

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(D) photodiode is a special type of $p-n$ junction diode that is designed to operate under reverse bias conditions.When light (photons) with energy greater than the bandgap energy of the semiconductor falls on the junction, it generates electron-hole pairs.Under the influence of the reverse bias electric field, these charge carriers are swept across the junction, creating a photocurrent.The magnitude of this photocurrent is directly proportional to the intensity of the incident light.Therefore, a photodiode is always operated in reverse bias to detect light signals efficiently.

$A$ photodiode is a device:

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