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(B) Sugarcane is a $C_4$ plant. $C_4$ plants are adapted to tropical environments and possess a specialized pathway for carbon fixation known as the $

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Hatch-Slack cycle

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(B) Sugarcane is a $C_4$ plant. $C_4$ plants are adapted to tropical environments and possess a specialized pathway for carbon fixation known as the $C_4$ pathway or the Hatch-Slack cycle. In this pathway,$CO_2$ is initially fixed by the enzyme $PEP$ carboxylase in mesophyll cells,which has a much higher affinity for $CO_2$ than $RuBisCO$. This mechanism minimizes photorespiration and allows for highly efficient $CO_2$ fixation even under high temperature and low $CO_2$ concentrations.

Tropical plants like sugarcane have a very high capacity for $CO_2$ fixation due to:

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