Which of the following photosynthetic bacteria possess both $PS-I$ and $PS-II$?

Provide definitions/explanations for the following terms:
$(1)$ Dark reaction
$(2)$ Photophosphorylation

Read the following table and choose the correct pair.
$I$. $DCMU$ Herbicide: Inhibitor of non-cyclic electron transport
$II$. $PMA$ Fungicide: Reduces transpiration
$III$. Colchicine Alkaloid: Causes male sterility
$IV$. Soilrite Sodium alginate: Encapsulation of somatic embryos

$I.$ Photosystem-$I$ is a photosynthetic pigment system located on the appressed part of grana and thylakoids.
$II.$ Photosystem-$II$ is a photosynthetic pigment system located on the non-appressed part of stroma only.
Identify whether the given statements are correct or incorrect and choose the correct option accordingly.

Match List-$I$ with List-$II$:

List-$I$	List-$II$
$a.$ $3$-carbon organic acid	$I.$ Product of light reaction
$b.$ $\text{ATP}$ and $\text{NADPH}$	$II.$ Reactants of dark reaction
$c.$ $\text{CO}_2$	$III.$ First $\text{CO}_2$ fixation product in dark reaction
$d.$ Oxaloacetic acid	$IV.$ First product of $\text{CO}_2$ fixation in the $C_4$ pathway

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

$A$: For every $CO_2$ molecule entering the $C_3$ cycle,three molecules of $ATP$ and two molecules of $NADPH$ are required.
$R$: Cyclic photophosphorylation takes place to meet the difference in the number of $ATP$ molecules.