(A) The heart valves (specifically the atrioventricular valves) are connected to the papillary muscles by fibrous cords known as $Chordae \ tendineae$

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(A) The heart valves (specifically the atrioventricular valves) are connected to the papillary muscles by fibrous cords known as $Chordae \ tendineae$. These structures prevent the valves from prolapsing into the atria during ventricular contraction (systole). Therefore,the correct option is $A$.