In a prokaryotic cell,which structure provides protection against phagocytes and viral attacks?

$A$ hereditary element that may be attached to a chromosome or found free in the cytoplasm is called:

Select the correct option for the following statements:
$(i)$ The essential infoldings of the plasma membrane in bacteria are called $Mesosomes$ / $Polysomes$.
$(ii)$ The structures found in long $Gram-negative$ bacteria that help in conjugation are called $Pili$ / $Fimbriae$.

Prokaryotic flagella possess

Which of the following is $NOT$ a function of the plasma membrane in prokaryotes?

In many bacterial cells,there is a small circular $DNA$ outside the genomic $DNA$. What is it called?