Pili or fimbriae are associated with which process?

If the vectors $p\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k}$,$\hat{i} + q\hat{j} + \hat{k}$,and $\hat{i} + \hat{j} + r\hat{k}$ $(p \neq 1, q \neq 1, r \neq 1)$ are coplanar,then find the value of $pqr - (p + q + r)$.

If the plane $3x - 2y - z - 18 = 0$ meets the coordinate axes at $A$, $B$, and $C$, then the centroid of $\triangle ABC$ is:

The values of a function $f(x)$ at different values of $x$ are given in the table below:

$x$	$0$	$1$	$2$	$3$	$4$	$5$
$f(x)$	$2$	$3$	$6$	$11$	$18$	$27$

Then,the approximate area (in square units) bounded by the curve $y=f(x)$ and the $x$-axis between $x=0$ and $x=5$,using the Trapezoidal rule,is

If $z_1, z_2$ are two complex numbers satisfying $\left|\frac{z_1-3 z_2}{3-z_1 \bar{z}_2}\right|=1$ and $\left|z_1\right| \neq 3$,then $\left|z_2\right|$ is equal to

Passive absorption of minerals depends on which of the following?