Biological diversity of amino acids is due to | vedclass

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(D) Amino acids are organic compounds containing an amino group $(-NH_2)$ and an acidic carboxyl group $(-COOH)$ attached to the same carbon atom,whic

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$R$-group

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(D) Amino acids are organic compounds containing an amino group $(-NH_2)$ and an acidic carboxyl group $(-COOH)$ attached to the same carbon atom,which is called the $\alpha$-carbon.They are substituted methanes where the four substituent groups occupying the four valency positions are a hydrogen atom $(H)$,a carboxyl group $(-COOH)$,an amino group $(-NH_2)$,and a variable group designated as the $R$-group.While the amino,carboxyl,and hydrogen groups are common to all amino acids,the $R$-group varies among different amino acids.This variation in the chemical nature of the $R$-group (which can be a hydrogen atom,a methyl group,a hydroxy-methyl group,etc.) is responsible for the biological diversity and specific properties of different amino acids.

Column $X$	Column $Y$
$(1)$ Primary protein	$(P)$ Globular or fibrous form
$(2)$ Secondary protein	$(Q)$ Three-dimensional arrangement of a single polypeptide chain
$(3)$ Tertiary protein	$(R)$ Gene-controlled
$(4)$ Quaternary protein	$(S)$ Helical or pleated sheet form

Biological diversity of amino acids is due to the presence of . . . . . . .

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