An organism that possesses traits to survive and promote reproductive success is considered to be:

$A$: $A$ single large mutation called saltation can produce new species.
$R$: Mutations are directional.

According to Hugo de Vries,speciation due to mutation is saltation,which means-

In a gene pool,along with beneficial mutations,those mutations also exist which are damaging to an individual. It has been found that these mutations are often not eliminated from the population because:
$I.$ They have survival value.
$II.$ They are acquired.
$III.$ They are recessive and carried by heterozygous individuals.
$IV.$ They show genetic drift.
Choose the incorrect option$(s)$ regarding why these mutations persist in the gene pool.

What are the key concepts in the evolution theory of Darwin?

Which of the following factors helps in evolution but is considered the fundamental basis of evolution?