The water in a lake starts freezing at a temperature of $0^{\circ}C$. If it takes $7$ hours to form $1 \ cm$ of ice when the atmospheric temperature is $-10^{\circ}C$, how much additional time will it take to increase the thickness of the ice from $1 \ cm$ to $2 \ cm$ (in $hours$)?

$A$ metal utensil is generally preferred for cooking because ......

One end of a copper rod of uniform cross-section and of length $3.1 \ m$ is kept in contact with ice at $0^{\circ}C$ and the other end with water at $100^{\circ}C$. At what point along its length should a temperature of $200^{\circ}C$ be maintained so that in steady state,the mass of ice melting is equal to the mass of steam produced in the same interval of time? Assume that the whole system is insulated from the surroundings. Latent heat of fusion of ice and vaporisation of water are $80 \ cal/g$ and $540 \ cal/g$ respectively.

$A$ cylindrical rod has temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2$ at its ends. The rate of flow of heat is $Q_1 \ cal/sec$. If all the linear dimensions are doubled while keeping the temperatures constant,then the new rate of flow of heat $Q_2$ will be:

Same quantity of ice is filled in each of the two metal containers $P$ and $Q$ having the same size, shape, and wall thickness but made of different materials. The containers are kept in identical surroundings. The ice in $P$ melts completely in time $t_{1}$ whereas in $Q$ it takes a time $t_{2}$. The ratio of thermal conductivities of the materials of $P$ and $Q$ is

For a spherical shell with inner and outer radii $r_1$ and $r_2$ respectively,the formula for the heat flow rate is = ......... where $T_1$ and $T_2$ are the temperatures of the inner and outer surfaces of the shell $(T_1 > T_2)$. The thermal conductivity of the material of the shell is $k$.