What does the nuclear reaction $_z{X^A} \to {_{z + 1}}{Y^A} + {_{ - 1}}{e^0} + \bar \nu$ represent?

During a $\beta^{-}$-decay,

Which of the following radiations is deflected by an electric field?

The end product of the decay of $ { }_{90} Th^{232} $ is $ { }_{82} Pb^{208} $. The number of $ \alpha $ and $ \beta $ particles emitted are respectively:

Radioactive nuclei that are injected into a patient collect at certain sites within their body,undergoing radioactive decay and emitting electromagnetic radiation. These radiations can then be recorded by a detector. This procedure provides an important diagnostic tool called:

$A$ radioactive nucleus (initial mass number $A$ and atomic number $Z$) emits $3$ $\alpha$-particles and $2$ positrons. The ratio of the number of neutrons to that of protons in the final nucleus will be: