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(A) The potential energy $U$ of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field $\vec E$ is given by the formula: $U = -\vec p \cdot \vec E = -pE \cos

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$[\vec p]$ and $[\vec E]$ are in the same direction.

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(A) The potential energy $U$ of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field $\vec E$ is given by the formula: $U = -\vec p \cdot \vec E = -pE \cos 	heta$,where $	heta$ is the angle between the dipole moment $\vec p$ and the electric field $\vec E$.For the potential energy to be minimum,the value of $\cos 	heta$ must be maximum.The maximum value of $\cos 	heta$ is $1$,which occurs when $	heta = 0^\circ$.This means the dipole moment $\vec p$ and the electric field $\vec E$ must be in the same direction.

The condition for minimum potential energy of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field is ......

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