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(D) Transition metals and their compounds are widely used as catalysts in industrial processes. This is primarily due to their ability to adopt multip

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They have the ability to adopt multiple oxidation states.

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(D) Transition metals and their compounds are widely used as catalysts in industrial processes. This is primarily due to their ability to adopt multiple oxidation states and form complexes with reactants. By providing a surface for the reaction to occur and by forming intermediate compounds,they lower the activation energy of the reaction. While the presence of incompletely filled $d$-orbitals is a characteristic property,the catalytic activity is specifically attributed to their variable oxidation states and the ability to provide a large surface area for adsorption.

Transition metals and their compounds act as catalysts because:

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