The major product formed by the nitration of benzoic acid is $......$.

$CH_2=CH-CO-OCH_3$ (methyl acrylate,bp $81^\circ C$) + $CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-OH$ (n-butyl alcohol,bp $117^\circ C$) $\xrightarrow{TsOH, \Delta} (A)$ (bp $145^\circ C$) + $CH_3OH$ (bp $65^\circ C$). Product $(A)$ of the above reaction is:

$Ph-COOH + C_2H_5-^{18}OH \xrightarrow{Conc. H_2SO_4} \text{Major product will be}$

Identify product $A$ in the following reaction.

Identify '$B$' in the following reaction $\text{Ethyl cyanide} \xrightarrow{H_2O / H^+} A \xrightarrow{H_2O / H^+} B + NH_3$

Which one of the following esters gets hydrolysed most easily under alkaline conditions?