What is formed when ethyl benzoate undergoes saponification with caustic soda?

Given below are two statements :
Statement $I :$ The esterification of carboxylic acid with an alcohol is a nucleophilic acyl substitution.
Statement $II :$ Electron withdrawing groups in the carboxylic acid will increase the rate of esterification reaction.
Choose the most appropriate option

$n$-Propanol on treatment with concentrated $HBr$ gives $P$. The product $P$ on reaction with $KCN$ gave the product $Q$. The product $Q$ on heating with aqueous acidic solution,furnished the product $R$. The product $R$ is

The reaction of $HCOOH$ with conc. $H_2SO_4$ gives

In which of the following reactions will cyanide be obtained as the major product?

Vinegar obtained from sugarcane has