$Ph-CO-CH_3 \xrightarrow[H_2O]{Mg-Hg}$ Product. The main product is:

Consider the following reactions:
$A$ $\xrightarrow[(i) CH_3MgBr]{(ii) H_3O^{+}} B$ $\xrightarrow[573 \text{ K}]{Cu} 2\text{-methyl-2-butene}$
The mass percentage of carbon in $A$ is:

What are $X$ and $Y$ in the following reaction sequence?
$Toluene$ $\xrightarrow{X} Benzaldehyde$ $\xrightarrow{HNO_3 + H_2SO_4, 273-283 \ K} Y$

Match the reactions in Column-$I$ with their products in Column-$II$.
| Column-$I$ (Reagents) | Column-$II$ (Product) |
| :--- | :--- |
| $(A) \ CH_3CHO + 2C_2H_5OH \xrightarrow{HCl_{(g)}} $ | $(i) \ (CH_3)_2C(OCH_2)_2$ |
| $(B) \ CH_3COCH_3 + CH_2OH-CH_2OH \xrightarrow{HCl_{(g)}} $ | $(ii) \ CH_3CH(OH)CN$ |
| $(C) \ CH_3CHO + HCN$ $\xrightarrow{OH^-}$ $\xrightarrow{H_3O^+}$ | $(iii) \ CH_3CH(OC_2H_5)_2$ |
| $(D) \ CH_3CHO + HCN \xrightarrow{OH^-} $ | $(iv) \ CH_3CH(OH)COOH$ |

What are $X$ and $Y$ respectively in the following reaction sequence?

What will be the product of the following reaction?