$A-$ Events after the formation of zygote are called post-fertilization events.
$R -$ In viviparous animals,a young one develops outside the mother's body.

One of the following is not a method of asexual reproduction:

In bacteria,fungi,and lower plants,various thick-walled $A$ are formed,which help them to survive $B$ conditions; these germinate on the availability of a suitable environment. In higher plants,$C$ and some other vegetative reproductive structures serve as means to tide over periods of stress besides helping in dispersal; they germinate to form new plants under favourable moisture and temperature conditions. Choose the correct option for $A, B$,and $C$.

Match the following columns:

Column-$I$ (Reproductive Structures)	Column-$II$ (Examples)
$P$. Conidia	$I$. Hydra
$Q$. Buds	$II$. Penicillium
$R$. Gemmules	$III$. Sponges

The number of taxa exhibiting asexual reproduction is drastically reduced in higher plants (angiosperms) and higher animals (vertebrates) as compared with lower groups of plants and animals. Analyse the possible reasons for this situation.

Match the following organisms with their approximate life spans:

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$A$. Elephant	$a$. $1 \text{ month}$
$B$. Fruit fly	$b$. $4 \text{ months}$
$C$. Rice plant	$c$. $7-15 \text{ days}$
$D$. Butterfly	$d$. $60-90 \text{ years}$