$A$ ball bounces to $80\%$ of its original height. What fraction of its mechanical energy is lost in each bounce?

$A$ pendulum bob has a speed of $3 \, m/s$ at its lowest position. The pendulum is $50 \, cm$ long. The speed of the bob, when the string makes an angle of $60^{\circ}$ to the vertical, will be $....... \, m/s$ $(g = 10 \, m/s^2)$.

$A$ body of mass $2 \, kg$ is projected vertically upwards with a velocity of $2 \, m/s$. The kinetic energy $(K.E.)$ of the body just before striking the ground is ............. $J$.

$A$ particle of mass $m$ moves with a velocity $v = a\sqrt{x}$,where $a$ is a constant and $x$ is the displacement. Find the total work done by all forces during the displacement from $x = 0$ to $x = d$.

$A$ particle of mass $100 \ g$ is thrown vertically upwards with a speed of $5 \ m/s$. The work done by the force of gravity during the time the particle goes up is.....$J$

Consider an elliptically shaped rail $PQ$ in the vertical plane with $OP = 3 \ m$ and $OQ = 4 \ m$. $A$ block of mass $1 \ kg$ is pulled along the rail from $P$ to $Q$ with a force of $18 \ N$,which is always parallel to the line $PQ$ (see the figure). Assuming no frictional losses,the kinetic energy of the block when it reaches $Q$ is $(n \times 10) \ J$. The value of $n$ is (take acceleration due to gravity $g = 10 \ m/s^2$):