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(A) At $0 \ K$ (absolute zero),a pure semiconductor acts as a perfect insulator because all valence electrons are tightly bound in covalent bonds.As t

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Room temperature

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(A) At $0 \ K$ (absolute zero),a pure semiconductor acts as a perfect insulator because all valence electrons are tightly bound in covalent bonds.As the temperature increases,thermal energy causes some covalent bonds to break,releasing free electrons into the conduction band and creating holes in the valence band.At room temperature,this thermal excitation is sufficient for a small number of charge carriers to be generated,allowing the semiconductor to behave slightly as a conductor.Therefore,the correct option is $(a)$.

$A$ pure semiconductor behaves slightly as a conductor at

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