$A$ woman has an $X$-linked condition on one of her $X$ chromosomes. This chromosome can be inherited by

The application of the principles of genetics for the improvement of the human race is called ..............

Represented below is the inheritance pattern of a certain type of trait in humans. Which one of the following conditions could be an example of this pattern?

State how many of the given statements are correct.
$(1)$ In a dihybrid cross experiment,Mendel obtained a test cross ratio of $1:1:1:1$.
$(2)$ Coupling and repulsion were first explained by Bateson and Punnett.
$(3)$ Klinefelter syndrome is a sex-chromosomal disorder occurring in females.
$(4)$ Mendel selected $7$ pairs of contrasting traits in pea plants to explain his experiments.
$(5)$ The chromosomal theory of inheritance was first proposed by Sutton and Boveri.

The reason for the difference in genetic makeup in each animal species is:

In a plant,three dominant genes $A$,$B$,and $C$ must be expressed together to produce purple flowers. If any one or all three genes are in the recessive state,the flowers become colorless.
Raw material $\xrightarrow{A} X \xrightarrow{B} Y \xrightarrow{C} Z$ (Pigment)
$A$ purple-flowered plant with genotype $AABBCC$ is crossed with a colorless plant with genotype $aabbcc$. This results in $F_1$ hybrid purple offspring. What will be the proportion of purple-flowered plants in the $F_2$ generation produced by selfing the $F_1$ generation?