An advantage which made seed-bearing plants s | vedclass

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(D) Seed-bearing plants (Gymnosperms and Angiosperms) have evolved to become independent of water for fertilization. Unlike ferns (Pteridophytes),whic

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Non-swimming sperms

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(D) Seed-bearing plants (Gymnosperms and Angiosperms) have evolved to become independent of water for fertilization. Unlike ferns (Pteridophytes),which require water for the transfer of motile male gametes to the female gametes,seed-bearing plants produce pollen grains that carry the male gametes. These pollen grains are transferred via wind,water,or animals,allowing fertilization to occur without the need for an external water source. This adaptation of non-swimming sperms (pollen grains) allowed these plants to colonize diverse terrestrial environments far more effectively than ferns.

An advantage which made seed-bearing plants so greatly surpass the ferns in colonizing the land is the evolution of the

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