An equimolar mixture of toluene and chloroben | vedclass

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Question

(A) Toluene $(C_{6}H_{5}CH_{3})$ and chlorobenzene $(C_{6}H_{5}Cl)$ both undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution (nitration) when treated with a m

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$p$-nitrotoluene is formed in excess

Vedclass · Answer

(A) Toluene $(C_{6}H_{5}CH_{3})$ and chlorobenzene $(C_{6}H_{5}Cl)$ both undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution (nitration) when treated with a mixture of conc. $H_{2}SO_{4}$ and conc. $HNO_{3}$.The methyl group $(-CH_{3})$ in toluene is an activating group, which increases the electron density of the benzene ring, making it more reactive towards electrophilic substitution compared to the benzene ring in chlorobenzene.The chlorine atom $(-Cl)$ in chlorobenzene is a deactivating group due to its strong $-I$ effect, which decreases the electron density of the benzene ring, making it less reactive towards electrophilic substitution.Since toluene is more reactive than chlorobenzene, it will undergo nitration at a faster rate, resulting in the formation of $p$-nitrotoluene in excess compared to $p$-nitrochlorobenzene.

An equimolar mixture of toluene and chlorobenzene is treated with a mixture of conc. $H_{2}SO_{4}$ and conc. $HNO_{3}$. Indicate the correct statement from the following.

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