An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic thermodynamic process in different ways as shown in the corresponding $P-V$ diagrams in column $3$ of the table. Consider only the path from state $1$ to $2$. $W$ denotes the corresponding work done on the system. The equations and plots in the table have standard notations as used in thermodynamic processes. Here $\gamma$ is the ratio of heat capacities at constant pressure and constant volume. The number of moles in the gas is $n$.
Column $I$Column $II$Column $III$
$(I)$ $W_{1-2} = \frac{1}{\gamma-1}(P_2V_2 - P_1V_1)$$(i)$ Isothermal$(P)$ [Graph $P$]
$(II)$ $W_{1-2} = -P(V_2 - V_1)$(ii) Isochoric$(Q)$ [Graph $Q$]
$(III)$ $W_{1-2} = 0$(iii) Isobaric$(R)$ [Graph $R$]
$(IV)$ $W_{1-2} = -nRT \ln(\frac{V_2}{V_1})$(iv) Adiabatic$(S)$ [Graph $S$]

$(1)$ Which of the following options is the only correct representation of a process in which $\Delta U = \Delta Q - P \Delta V$?
$[A] (II) (iii) (P)$ $[B] (II) (iii) (R)$ $[C] (II) (iv) (S)$ $[D] (III) (iii) (P)$
$(2)$ Which one of the following options is the correct combination?
$[A] (III) (ii) (S)$ $[B] (II) (iv) (R)$ $[C] (II) (iv) (P)$ $[D] (IV) (ii) (S)$
$(3)$ Which one of the following options correctly represents a thermodynamic process that is used as a correction in the determination of the speed of sound in an ideal gas?
$[A] (III) (iv) (R)$ $[B] (I) (ii) (Q)$ $[C] (I) (iv) (Q)$ $[D] (I) (iv) (R)$

  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

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In the $P-V$ diagram shown,the gas does $5 \, J$ of work in the isothermal process $ab$ and $4 \, J$ of work in the adiabatic process $bc$. What will be the change in internal energy of the gas in the straight path $c$ to $a$ (in $, J$)?

Heat is supplied to a diatomic gas at constant pressure. The ratio of $\Delta Q: \Delta U: \Delta W$ is
[Given $\rightarrow \Delta Q=$ heat supplied,$\Delta U=$ change in internal energy,$\Delta W$ $=$ work done]

Match the thermodynamic processes taking place in a system with the correct conditions. In the table: $\Delta Q$ is the heat supplied,$\Delta W$ is the work done and $\Delta U$ is change in internal energy of the system.
ProcessCondition
$(I)$ Adiabatic$(A) \Delta W = 0$
$(II)$ Isothermal$(B) \Delta Q = 0$
$(III)$ Isochoric$(C) \Delta U \neq 0, \Delta W \neq 0, \Delta Q \neq 0$
$(IV)$ Isobaric$(D) \Delta U = 0$

$A$ cyclic process $ABCD$ is shown in the given $P-V$ diagram. Which of the following diagrams represents the same process in a $P-T$ graph?

Three processes compose a thermodynamic cycle shown in the $PV$ diagram. Process $1\rightarrow 2$ takes place at constant temperature. Process $2\rightarrow 3$ takes place at constant volume,and process $3\rightarrow 1$ is adiabatic. During the complete cycle,the total amount of work done is $10\,J$. During process $2\rightarrow 3$,the internal energy decreases by $20\,J$ and during process $3\rightarrow 1$,$20\,J$ of work is done on the system. How much heat is added to the system during process $1\rightarrow 2$ (in $,J$)?

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