Are pollination and fertilisation necessary in apomixis? Give reasons.

(N/A) No,pollination and fertilisation are not necessary in apomixis. The reasons are as follows:
$(i)$ In many cases of apomixis,the embryo is formed without meiosis from the megaspore mother cell or other diploid cells. The ovules remain diploid and are converted directly into embryos.
$(ii)$ In adventive embryony,the embryo is formed from the cells of the diploid nucellus. Since the egg cell or the surrounding cells are already diploid,they develop into embryos without the need for fertilisation or syngamy.