The rate of the esterification reaction betwe | vedclass

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(A) The esterification reaction follows an $S_N2$-like mechanism regarding the attack of the alcohol on the carbonyl carbon of the carboxylic acid.In

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$-CH_3$

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(A) The esterification reaction follows an $S_N2$-like mechanism regarding the attack of the alcohol on the carbonyl carbon of the carboxylic acid.In this reaction,the rate is inversely proportional to the steric hindrance around the oxygen atom of the alcohol $(R-OH)$.As the size of the alkyl group $(R)$ increases,the steric hindrance increases,which makes it more difficult for the nucleophile (alcohol) to attack the carbonyl carbon.The order of reactivity for alcohols in esterification is: $	ext{Methyl} > 	ext{Primary} (1^\circ) > 	ext{Secondary} (2^\circ) > 	ext{Tertiary} (3^\circ)$.Among the given options,$-CH_3$ (methyl group) has the least steric hindrance.Therefore,the reaction is fastest when $R$ is $-CH_3$.

The rate of the esterification reaction between $R-OH$ and $p-nitrobenzoic$ acid will be fastest when $R$ is:

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