Biodiversity is affected by

Given below are two statements.
Statement-$I$: Availability of intense sunlight,warmer temperature and higher annual rainfall in the tropics are responsible for species richness of fruit-yielding trees.
Statement-$II$: The variety of frugivorous organisms is more in the tropics as compared to the temperate regions.
In light of the above statements,choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Choose the incorrect sentence$(s)$ regarding latitudinal gradients.
$(I)$ Biodiversity throughout the world shows uneven distribution.
$(II)$ According to latitudinal gradient,there is no major difference in biodiversity.
$(III)$ Species diversity increases as we move away from the equator towards the poles.
$(IV)$ Biodiversity increases as we move from temperate to tropical regions.

New York at $41^o\, N$ has .......... species and Greenland at $71^o\, N$ has ......... species.

Provide detailed information about the species-area relationship with the help of a graph. Explain the representation of the species-area relationship and how it becomes linear on a logarithmic scale.

As we move from the equator towards the poles,the species diversity: