Biotechnology is the modern branch of biology which deals with

Match the following columns:

Column $I$	Column $II$
$A$. Recombinant $DNA$	$1$. Sea weeds
$B$. Gel electrophoresis	$2$. $DNA$ staining
$C$. Ethidium bromide	$3$. Plasmid $DNA$ that has incorporated human $DNA$
$D$. Agarose	$4$. Process by which $DNA$ fragments are separated based on their size

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion $(A)$ and the other is labelled as Reason $(R)$.
Assertion $(A):$
Polymerase chain reaction is used in $DNA$ amplification.
Reason $(R):$
The ampicillin resistant gene is used as a selectable marker to check transformation.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:

$DNA$ recombinant technology can be:

Find the correct match.

$I$	$II$	$III$
$(a)$ $PCR$	$(i)$ Specific base sequence	$p.$ $Taq$ polymerase
$(b)$ Downstream processing	$(ii)$ Inheritable gene	$q.$ Ampicillin resistant
$(c)$ Restriction endonuclease	$(iii)$ Amplification of $DNA$	$r.$ $E. coli$
	$(iv)$ Product separation and modification	$s.$ Quality control

What do '$X$' and '$Y$' represent in the given diagram of $pBR322$?