By using properties of determinants,show that:
$\left|\begin{array}{ccc}1 & x & x^{2} \\ x^{2} & 1 & x \\ x & x^{2} & 1\end{array}\right|=\left(1-x^{3}\right)^{2}$

(A) Let $\Delta = \left|\begin{array}{ccc}1 & x & x^{2} \\ x^{2} & 1 & x \\ x & x^{2} & 1\end{array}\right|$.
Applying $R_{1} \rightarrow R_{1} + R_{2} + R_{3}$,we get:
$\Delta = \left|\begin{array}{ccc}1+x+x^{2} & 1+x+x^{2} & 1+x+x^{2} \\ x^{2} & 1 & x \\ x & x^{2} & 1\end{array}\right|$
Taking $(1+x+x^{2})$ common from $R_{1}$:
$\Delta = (1+x+x^{2}) \left|\begin{array}{ccc}1 & 1 & 1 \\ x^{2} & 1 & x \\ x & x^{2} & 1\end{array}\right|$
Applying $C_{2} \rightarrow C_{2} - C_{1}$ and $C_{3} \rightarrow C_{3} - C_{1}$:
$\Delta = (1+x+x^{2}) \left|\begin{array}{ccc}1 & 0 & 0 \\ x^{2} & 1-x^{2} & x-x^{2} \\ x & x^{2}-x & 1-x\end{array}\right|$
Taking $(1-x)$ common from $C_{2}$ and $C_{3}$:
$\Delta = (1+x+x^{2})(1-x)(1-x) \left|\begin{array}{ccc}1 & 0 & 0 \\ x^{2} & 1+x & x \\ x & -x & 1\end{array}\right|$
Since $(1-x)(1+x+x^{2}) = (1-x^{3})$:
$\Delta = (1-x^{3})(1-x) \left|\begin{array}{ccc}1 & 0 & 0 \\ x^{2} & 1+x & x \\ x & -x & 1\end{array}\right|$
Expanding along $R_{1}$:
$\Delta = (1-x^{3})(1-x) [1((1+x)(1) - (x)(-x)) - 0 + 0]$
$\Delta = (1-x^{3})(1-x) (1+x+x^{2})$
$\Delta = (1-x^{3})(1-x^{3}) = (1-x^{3})^{2}$.
Hence,the result is proved.