Compare the chemistry of the actinoids with that of lanthanoids with reference to:
$(i)$ electronic configuration
$(ii)$ oxidation states and
$(iii)$ chemical reactivity.

Vedclass pdf generator app on play store
Vedclass iOS app on app store
(A) Electronic configuration:
The general electronic configuration for lanthanoids is $[Xe]^{54} 4f^{0-14} 5d^{0-1} 6s^{2}$ and that for actinoids is $[Rn]^{86} 5f^{1-14} 6d^{0-1} 7s^{2}$. Unlike $4f$ orbitals,$5f$ orbitals are not deeply buried and participate in bonding to a greater extent.
Oxidation states:
The principal oxidation state of lanthanoids is $+3$. However,sometimes we also encounter oxidation states of $+2$ and $+4$ due to the extra stability of fully-filled and half-filled orbitals. Actinoids exhibit a greater range of oxidation states because the $5f, 6d,$ and $7s$ levels are of comparable energies. Again,$+3$ is the principal oxidation state for actinoids.
Chemical reactivity:
In the lanthanoid series,the earlier members are more reactive,with reactivity comparable to $Ca$. With an increase in atomic number,they behave similar to $Al$. Actinoids are highly reactive metals,especially when finely divided. When added to boiling water,they give a mixture of oxide and hydride. Actinoids combine with most non-metals at moderate temperatures. Alkalies have no action on them,and they are only slightly affected by nitric acid due to the formation of a protective oxide layer.

Explore More

Similar Questions

Which among the following lanthanoids forms the most stable $+2$ oxidation state?

Identify the correct statements from the following.
$(i)$ $Eu^{2+}$ and $Yb^{2+}$ are reducing agents.
$(ii)$ The electronic configuration of $Pr^{3+}$ is $[Xe] 4f^3$.
$(iii)$ Aqueous solution of $LaCl_3$ is colourless.

Which of the following statements related to lanthanoids is incorrect?

Lanthanoid ions with $4f^7$ configuration are :
$A$. $Eu^{2+}$
$B$. $Gd^{3+}$
$C$. $Eu^{3+}$
$D$. $Tb^{3+}$
$E$. $Sm^{2+}$
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Fill in the blanks given below:
$(i)$ Neptunium and Plutonium are obtained from ............ .
$(ii)$ Lanthanoid series and Actinoid series are known as ............ .
$(iii)$ The main energy level of an atom is called ............ .
$(iv)$ Elements that possess both metallic and non-metallic properties are called ............ .

Vedclass Products

For Students

Vedclass Test Series

Mock tests in real JEE/NEET style with performance analysis. 5-day free trial.

Start Free Trial
For Teachers

Exam Paper Generator

Generate Set A/B/C/D exam papers from 7.5L+ questions in 2 minutes. 3 chapters free.

Try Free
For Institutes

Online Exam Module

Live online exams with unlimited students, 360° analytics & white-label branding.

See Demo