(D) The energy released in a nuclear reaction is given by the difference in the total binding energy of the products and the reactants.$Q = (BE_{\text

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(D) The energy released in a nuclear reaction is given by the difference in the total binding energy of the products and the reactants.$Q = (BE_{\text{products}}) - (BE_{\text{reactants}})$Given:$BE(^{235}_{92}U) = 1800 \ MeV$$BE(^{144}_{56}Ba) = 1200 \ MeV$$BE(^{89}_{36}Kr) = 780 \ MeV$Total $BE$ of reactants $= 1800 \ MeV$Total $BE$ of products $= 1200 + 780 = 1980 \ MeV$Energy released $Q = 1980 - 1800 = 180 \ MeV$Since this energy is carried by $3$ neutrons,the average kinetic energy per neutron is:$KE_{\text{avg}} = \frac{180 \ MeV}{3} = 60 \ MeV$

Class 12 Physics Nuclei Nuclear Fission, Fusion and Nuclear Reactor

Medium

Consider the nuclear fission reaction ${ }_0^1 n+{ }_{92}^{235} U \longrightarrow{ }_{56}^{144} Ba+{ }_{36}^{89} Kr+3{ }_0^1 n$. Assuming all the kinetic energy is carried away by the fast neutrons only and total binding energies of ${ }_{92}^{235} U, { }_{56}^{144} Ba$ and ${ }_{36}^{89} Kr$ to be $1800 \ MeV, 1200 \ MeV$ and $780 \ MeV$ respectively,the average kinetic energy carried by each fast neutron is (in $MeV$):

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A
$200$
B
$180$
C
$67$
D
$60$

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$A$ nucleus with mass number $220$ initially at rest emits an alpha particle. If the $Q$ value of the reaction is $5.5 \ MeV$,calculate the kinetic energy of the alpha particle. (in $MeV$)

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For the nuclear fusion reaction ${ }_1^2 H +{ }_1^3 H \rightarrow{ }_2^4 He +{ }_0^1 n$,the temperature to which the gases must be heated is $3.7 \times 10^9 \, K$. The potential energy between two nuclei is closest to ........ $J$ (Boltzmann's constant $k = 1.38 \times 10^{-23} \, J/K$).

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In a nuclear reactor,the function of the moderator is to decrease

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Statement $1$: Energy is released when a heavy nucleus undergoes fission and when light nuclei undergo fusion.
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In the following nuclear reaction, $x$ is: ${ }_{13} Al^{27} + { }_2 He^4 \rightarrow { }_0 n^1 + X$

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$A$ nucleus with mass number $220$ initially at rest emits an alpha particle. If the $Q$ value of the reaction is $5.5 \ MeV$,calculate the kinetic energy of the alpha particle. (in $MeV$)

For the nuclear fusion reaction ${ }_1^2 H +{ }_1^3 H \rightarrow{ }_2^4 He +{ }_0^1 n$,the temperature to which the gases must be heated is $3.7 \times 10^9 \, K$. The potential energy between two nuclei is closest to ........ $J$ (Boltzmann's constant $k = 1.38 \times 10^{-23} \, J/K$).

In a nuclear reactor,the function of the moderator is to decrease

Statement $1$: Energy is released when a heavy nucleus undergoes fission and when light nuclei undergo fusion.Statement $2$: For heavy nuclei,the binding energy per nucleon decreases as $Z$ increases. For light nuclei,the binding energy per nucleon increases as $Z$ increases.

In the following nuclear reaction, $x$ is: ${ }_{13} Al^{27} + { }_2 He^4 \rightarrow { }_0 n^1 + X$

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Statement $1$: Energy is released when a heavy nucleus undergoes fission and when light nuclei undergo fusion.
Statement $2$: For heavy nuclei,the binding energy per nucleon decreases as $Z$ increases. For light nuclei,the binding energy per nucleon increases as $Z$ increases.