Newton's law of cooling is based upon which of the following principles?

If a body cools from a temperature of $62^{\circ} C$ to $50^{\circ} C$ in $10 \, \text{minutes}$ and to $42^{\circ} C$ in the next $10 \, \text{minutes}$, then the temperature of the surroundings is (in $^{\circ} C$)

According to Newton's law of cooling,the rate of cooling of a body is directly proportional to the ........

$A$ body cools in a surrounding which is at a constant temperature of $\theta_0$. Assuming that it obeys Newton's law of cooling,its temperature $\theta$ is plotted against time $t$. Tangents are drawn to the curve at the points $A(\theta = \theta_1)$ and $B(\theta = \theta_2)$. These tangents meet the time-axis at angles $\alpha_1$ and $\alpha_2$ as shown in the graph. Then:

$A$ body takes $10 \ minutes$ to cool from $60^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$. The temperature of the same body after the next $10 \ minutes$ will be (if the temperature of the surroundings is $25^{\circ}C$): (in $^{\circ}C$)

$A$ body cools from a temperature of $60^{\circ} C$ to $50^{\circ} C$ in $10 \text{ minutes}$ and $50^{\circ} C$ to $40^{\circ} C$ in $15 \text{ minutes}$. The time taken in minutes for the body to cool from $40^{\circ} C$ to $30^{\circ} C$ is