Cycas is

Most gymnosperms are

$A$: The scale leaves of $Araucaria$ are small and brown.
$R$: The gametophytic phase of $Araucaria$ is long-lived and subterranean.

The female gametophyte in $Pinus$ is formed:

Choose the correct option for Gymnosperms.
Fertilization $\quad\quad$ Endosperm

Coralloid roots of $Cycas$ are useful in