The driving force of any ecosystem is

Which of the following is $\text{NOT}$ recycled in an ecosystem?

In an ecosystem,if the Net Primary Productivity $(NPP)$ of the first trophic level is $100x \text{ kcal } m^{-2} yr^{-1}$,what would be the Gross Primary Productivity $(GPP)$ of the third trophic level of the same ecosystem?

Give differences: Food chain and food web.

Energy for the detritus food chain comes from

$10,000 \, J \rightarrow 1000 \, J \rightarrow 100 \, J \rightarrow 10 \, J$
Which of the following characteristics can be justified by linking the given information with various trophic levels?