Edaphic factors are included in $......$

$A$ biological community and its associated physical components interact to form a system. What is this system called?

The ozone molecule absorbs ultraviolet $(UV)$ radiation of which wavelength range?

Though the kulhads are made up of clay,which is an eco-friendly substance,their use has been discontinued in trains nowadays. Give reasons which lead to the discontinuance of this practice.

In the given food chain,suppose the amount of energy at the fourth trophic level is $5 \, kJ$,what will be the energy available at the producer level? (in $kJ$)
Grass $\rightarrow$ Grasshopper $\rightarrow$ Frog $\rightarrow$ Snake $\rightarrow$ Hawk

The flow of organic matter in a food chain is unidirectional.