Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature is evident by

$A$ point source of electromagnetic radiation has an average power output of $800\,W$. The maximum value of the electric field at a distance of $3.5\,m$ from the source will be.....$V/m$.

Assertion : Radio waves can be polarised.
Reason : Sound waves in air are longitudinal in nature.

Newton's laws can be applied to mechanical waves propagating in elastic media. Can they be applied to electromagnetic waves also?

$A$ magnetic field vector in an electromagnetic wave is represented by $\vec{B} = B_0 \sin(2\pi vt - \frac{2\pi x}{\lambda}) \hat{j}$. Its associated electric field vector is . . . . . . .

Answer the following questions:
$(a)$ Long distance radio broadcasts use short-wave bands. Why?
$(b)$ It is necessary to use satellites for long distance $TV$ transmission. Why?
$(c)$ Optical and radio telescopes are built on the ground but $X$-ray astronomy is possible only from satellites orbiting the earth. Why?
$(d)$ The small ozone layer on top of the stratosphere is crucial for human survival. Why?
$(e)$ If the earth did not have an atmosphere,would its average surface temperature be higher or lower than what it is now?
$(f)$ Some scientists have predicted that a global nuclear war on the earth would be followed by a severe 'nuclear winter' with a devastating effect on life on earth. What might be the basis of this prediction?